Abstract: Taking Xunzhou District，which was the base of the Society of God-Worshipers，as an example，this thesis argues the formation and significance of alliances in local society in the late Qing. During the evolution of the social order in local society in Xunzhou，new local alliances，which were geographic organizations，ultra-lineages and multi-villages，were established based on religious activities in the Ming-Qing dynasty. The local alliance was a significant means of village integration in Xunzhou in the late Qing. With the development of this political system，it became the most important social structure and legalized by virtue of official terms. This social structure influenced the evolution of local society in Xunzhou as well as in south China.