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15 November 2007, Volume 0 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Discovering History from Nomadic Society:Research on Oriat Mongolian Concept of Political Space ZHANG Shi-Ming 2007, 0(4): 1-16.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1682KB) ( )   In this paper the authors continues his long advocated research approach “to discover history from nomadic society,” and explores the concepts of political space of Oriat Mongolia in the early Qing Dynasty from the perspective of the history of ideas, the author captures the weak voice that has been shielded by the strong political power  from various aspects of literature. The author believes that the Junggars’concept of the territory as nomadic people had its own continuting thinking model. Nomadic society’s roaming in a large scope was not comparable to the “dis-place” of modern society. The establishment of Consolidation and Banner was of far-reaching significance in the social history of the whole East Asia as well as in that of Mongolia, and had a profound effect on the spatial concepts of the Mongolians. Related Articles | Metrics

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Policy Evolution of Yongzheng Reign on Opening Miao Territory in Southeast Guizhou MA Guo-Jun 2007, 0(4): 17-23.  Abstract ( )   PDF (582KB) ( )   Opening uo of Miao Territory of Yongzheng Reign in southeast Guizhou was carried out in two areas both by suppression and pacification measures, as represented by the policies of two officials, Fang Xian and Zhang Guangsi. Though pacification measures proved to be effective, efforts to open this territory usually ended with armed force. Suppression and pacification measures were employed simultaneously. The reasons why opening Miao Territory ultimately ended in suppression included, ignorance of the distinctiveness of local culture and tradition by officials standing of suppression, a lack of law for controlling the army, soliders taking credit for the success of others, a lack lf suitable policy for control, and  the cycle of one mistake leading to another. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Layered Structure and Social Inter-space Pattern of He Long’s"Geo-political Significance" LI Zhi-Jun 2007, 0(4): 24-36.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1414KB) ( )   He Long was a frontier fortress areas. Its social inter-space pattern was different from that of the central plains but is difficult to discern how the sense of frontier fortress, to surround and protect the central area, influenced the people’s thoughts about social inter-space patterns. Rsearching the historical materials of geo-political significance the author has found that so-called concept of “geo-political”(xingsheng)actually was an evaluation of regional political and geographic environment. The part of He Long located in the Northwest frontier fortress surrounded and protected the central area and showed outstanding feature in layered structure. That is, such layered surrounding and protecting thought not only influenced the sense of frontier fortress strategic pattern but also made up the inter-space of frontier fortress politics, economy and culture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Kang Youwei’s Changing Thoughts on a Bicameral versus a Unicameral Assembly after Fifth and Sixth Memorials LI Chun-Fu 2007, 0(4): 37-50.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3633KB) ( )   In Reform Movement of 1895-1898, Kang Youwei’s political thoughts revolved around has perspective and concern regarding the parliamentary system. But during this period Kang’s thinking on the parliament underwent a dynamic transformation. Through a thorough analysis, the author has drawn the following conclusions. Between the issuance of the Sixth Memorial and the proclamation of Hundred-Days Reform, Kang simultaneously supported two parallel political options: an aristocratic top down system of enlightened monarchy (such as the convering the Bureau of Institution into an Upper House) and a democratic bottom up system of enlightened monarchy (similar to that of the “National Preservation Assembly Movement”). Lastly, after the start of the Hundred-Days Reform until Kang’s interviews by Guangxu Emperor on April 1898, Kang made concessions and compromised the radical-political line on the Lower House and Suffrage, substituting it with an Upper House and enlightened monarch. But Kang’s concessions and compromise was tantamount to the denial or abandonment of opening a Lower House in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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"Resident Sinology"and the Development of British Sinology in the Late Nineteenth Century WANG Guo-Qiang 2007, 0(4): 51-62.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1192KB) ( )   Published in Hong Kong from 1872 to 1901, China Review, or Notes and Queries on the East, was an English language periodical that gathered together the main achievements of Western Sinology in that time. This was the earliest Western Journal wholly devoted to Chinese Studies. China Review not only displayed a high level of scholarly awareness, it also represented a breakthrough in research methodology, unearthing of source materials, and expansion of Sinological studies. China Review advanced overseas British Sinological studies, especially developing Hong Kong as representative, witnessed the entire development of British Sinoligy in the late Nineteenth Century. Related Articles | Metrics

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Questions and Solutions in Studies of Qing Dynasty CAO Wen 2007, 0(4): 63-69.  Abstract ( )   PDF (704KB) ( )   Two basic keys to history study can be listed as history document and history viewpoint, or research method. Nowadays, just like the western scholars focusing on developing research method, our domestic historians have the same enthusiasm in research method. However, any theory, no matter how perfect it is, could only be seen as a tool for history study. An objective conclusion is fundamentally based on true and abundant history documents. Therefore, it is an initial task for historians to explore and select history documents. Western historians pay much more attention to the built-up of methodology due to philosophic. Their understandings of history study are not only the presentment of history, but also forecast for the future, which answers for the reason why they feel that the Chinese traditional historic records in chronological style are boring and lack of scientific values. Whereas, as we define history as a state of past time, we have to put more stress on pursuit of documents and truth in history, other than built-up of methodology. Related Articles | Metrics