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15 February 1997, Volume 0 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The Historical and Archival Enterprises:Prospering Together through Improved Ties and Cooperation DAI Yi 1997, 0(1): 1-4.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2185KB) ( )   Compared with other types of sources, archival materials have three outstanding characteristics: they are direct, plentiful, and systematic. Historians of China have invariably paid attention to the use of archives; and many important historical works have relied extensively on them. We hope that society will continue to value its archival resources, opening them to scholars around the world; and that cooperation between the historical and archival fields will be strengthened, enhancing their mutual contribution to human civilization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Perspectives on the Historical Course of Chinese Modernization LI Wen-Hai 1997, 0(1): 5-9.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2467KB) ( )   In different times, at different historical stages, and in different countries and areas, the cause of modernization has brought forth a variety of objectives, exigencies, significances, and means. When we examine the course of Chinese modernization, we cannot neglect its struggles for national independence and political democracy, for these necessarily affected and gave impetus to social and economic modernization, in China as elsewhere. View which dismiss or deny the indispensability of reform and revolution, or of reformers and revolutionaries, to the cause of Chinese modernization, are contrary to historical facts. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Chinese Pirates During the Ming and Qing Dynasty SONG Pu-Zhang, LI Xiao-Lin 1997, 0(1): 10-17.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2950KB) ( )   The main “stage” in Chinese history, was not the sea but the land. The Chinese coast line is very long, and the sea of Bohai, the Yellow sea, the East China sea and the south China sea. Chinese people all wash its china’s shores. Many Chinese, especially those who lived along the southeast coast, fully engaged in seafaring activities. They were fishermen, sailors, traders, merchants, etc. The most feared men on the sea however, were Chinese pirates and this paper takes a broad view of their activities. Zhang Zhilong, Zheng Chenggong, and Cai Qian all gained notoriety during the Ming and Qing periods. The documentary sources for the Ming and Qing period kept are rich. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cultural Structures in the Formative Period of the Manchu People HU Fan 1997, 0(1): 18-27.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3162KB) ( )   When Mans came into being, social production, which was on behalf of its material and culture, shoned many aspects organizations: argriculture led central role, collecting and hunting were still very important, so did its social system and culture. In culture, it appeared approaching and obeying the heaven and summing up the history experience the existence of all kinds of religious belief the abstraction of Han’s ethlic, the use of mangolia’s character. This was a very open of culture. It had a great influence on the rise mans’ and the development of the Qing Dynasty. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship between the Qing Imperial Household Department (Neiwufu)and the Thirteen Yamen at the Beginning of the Qing Dynasty QI Mei-Qin 1997, 0(1): 28-36.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2948KB) ( )   The article examines the Qing Imperial Household Department Prior to the Shunzhi reign. It addresses four important questions:1)When and how was the Qing Imperial Household Department established? 2)What were the organizational functions of the early Qing Imperial Household Department? 3)What problems did the Qing Imperial Household Department face after the Manchus entered Shanhaiguan? 4)What were the special organizational features of the Thirteen yamens and what was its relationship to the Qing Imperial Household Department? Related Articles | Metrics

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The Contributions of Westerners to the Qing Dynasty’s Topographical Survey of China in the Eighteeth Century QIN Guo-Jing 1997, 0(1): 37-44.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2937KB) ( )   Because topographical work serves as a tool for national rule and as evidence of national sovereignty, the Qing court treated them with the utmost importance. In the eighteenth century, Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong, three diligent and conscientious enperors, personally directed and planned empire-wide topographical surveys. During the process of surveying and charting China, Western missionaries proved to be of great benefit to this effort. They contributed Western knowledge of astronomy and geography, along with the most advanced survey techniques, and, in close cooperation with officials of the Qing court, accomplished the formidable task of surveying the total Land area of the empire. This was not only a historic undertaking, but also an outstanding contribution to the development of world cartography. Related Articles | Metrics

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Si Ku Quan Shu and Literary In quisition ZHANG Jie 1997, 0(1): 45-54.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3511KB) ( )   This essay, through a concrete analysis and inquiry into the direct relationship between the compilation of the Si Ku Quan Shu from Qianlong 42 to 47 and the Literary Inquisition, concludes that the Qing rulers initiation of the cultural activity of the large scale compilation of the Si Ku Quan Shu was actually a cultural disaster with extremely evil consequences. Related Articles | Metrics